Thì Quá khứ hoàn thành và Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn là hai thì thường xuyên xuất hiện đề thi của TOEIC, đặc biệt là thì Quá khứ hoàn thành. Các bạn có thể dễ dàng phân biệt 2 thì này, tuy nhiên chúng vẫn gây không ít khó khăn cho các bạn. Chúng ta hãy cùng tổng hợp lại những kiến thức cơ bản nhất để các bạn dễ dàng phân biệt và sử dụng
2 thì này một cách chính xác và hiệu quả trong bài thi TOEIC nhé!
I. Cấu trúc:
| QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH | QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN |
| 1. To be: S + had been + Adj/ noun – She had been a good dancer when she met a car accident. 2. Verb: S + had + PII (past participle) – We had lived in Hue before 1975. | S + had been+ V-ing – She had been carrying a heavy bag. |
II. Cách sử dụng:
| QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH | QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN |
| 1. Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. (Hành động xảy ra trước dùng QKHT – xảy ra sau dùng QKĐ) – When I got up this morning, my father had already left. | 1. Diễn đạt 1 hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong Quá khứ (nhấn mạnh tính tiếp diễn) – I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it. |
2. Dùng để mô tả hành động trước một thời gian xác định trong quá khứ.
– We had lived in Hue before 1975.
3. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3
– If I had known that you were there, I
would have written you a letter.
4. Dùng trong câu ước muốn trái với
Quá khứ
– I wish I had had time to study.
2. Diễn đạt 1 hành động đã xảy ra, kéo dài liên tục đến khi hành động thứ 2 xảy ra. (Hành động 2 dùng QKĐ). Thường thường khoảng thời gian kéo dài được nêu rõ trong câu.
– The men had been playing cards for 3 hours when I came.
BÀI TẬP
(Các bạn xem đáp án và giải thích chi tiết cuối sách nhé)
Question 1: He (marry) her two years before we met.
A. had been marrying
B. had married
Question 2: James told me you (buy) the old vicarage two years before your son’s birth.
A. had bought
B. had been buying
Question 3: I wish we (buy) had bought it before.
A. had bought
B. had been buying
Question 4: When I arrived at the station, the train (leave).
A. had been living
B. had left
Question 5: He (play) tennis for 4 hours when he broke his leg.
A. had played
B. had been playing
Question 6: The dog came into the house once she (finish) the housework.
A. had finished
B. had been finishing
Question 7: He (drive) his car for 10 minutes when he realized it had a flat tyre.
A. had driven
B. had been driving
Question 8: She (throw) the letter away when she noticed it was not important.
A. had thrown
B. had been throwing
Question 9: He (swim) for 15 minutes when he understood he had lost his swimsuit.
A. had swim
B. had been swimming
Question 10: It (rain) for one hour when the wind started to blow.
A. had rained
B. had been raining
Question 11: He rushed to the baker’s when he saw his wife (forget) to buy some bread.
A. had forgotten
B. had been forgetting
Question 12: Sarah was exhausted. She (wash) the dishes for more than three hours.
A. had washed
B. had been washing
Question 13: When he saw her, he knew he (meet) her before.
A. had met
B. had been meeting
Question 14: When he phoned her, she (go) out.
A. had gone
B. had been going
Question 15: When Ron arrived, the party (already/begin).
A. had already begun
B. had already been beginning
Question 16: The children (already/go) to bed when their mother came from work.
A. had already gone
B. had already been going
Question 17: If I (not/be) absent yesterday, I would have met him.
A. hadn’t been
B. had been being
Question 18: I was very tired when I arrived home. I (work) hard all day.
A. had worked
B. had been working
Question 19: When I arrived at the party, Tom wasn’t there. He (go) home.
A. had gone
B. had been going
Question 20: When we got home last night, we found that somebody (break)
into the flat.
A. had broken
B. had been breaking